Post - perihelion phenomena

If this hypothesis is correct there should be a rapid and markedly difference in mood after January 4th.  

Indeed there is.  Right after new year we start to hear about the need to fight depression and start dieting .  The assumption being that over-consumption at the holiday feast was the cause rather than a symptom of some more general somatic response.

Depression peaks at this period of rapid recession from the closest point 2 weeks before.

There was an statistician who calculated that January 21 is the worst day of the year

After that February depression is augmented by hormonal spring mating drives. Suicides increase in March.  School shootings seem to peak at this time of year as well.